Chuanwen Fan

Ph.D

Linkoping university

PI

PLCO (Learn more about this study)

PLCO-1324

Sep 11, 2023

Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) Investigating Genetic Correlations with Dietary Preferences and Nutrient Intakes

Food consumption is a critical determinant of health and a significant contributor to global mortality. In developed countries, food is abundantly available, and the dynamics of eating behavior have evolved. The focus has transitioned from simply consuming what is readily available to selecting from a wide variety of options based on personal preferences. Consequently, alongside studying the health impacts of food consumption, there is growing interest in understanding the factors that influence individual food choices. Food liking is shaped by a myriad of factors, including genetic inheritance, biological factors, psychological influences, environmental context, branding, and cultural influences. However, the twin studies have provided valuable insights into the heritability of food preferences. In children, approximately 50% of the variance in food choices can be attributed to genetic factors and shared environmental influences. In adults, the genetic component remains stable. Recent studies, particularly those using the UK Biobank cohort, have further emphasized the heritable nature of food liking, suggesting that our food preferences are more a result of inherited biology than learned behavior. However, these studies come with limitations, such as selection biases that result in samples that are healthier, more educated, and older than the general population. These limitations necessitate caution in interpreting the results, especially concerning genetic correlations. Moreover, the relationship between nutrients in food and genetics remains unclear. Given these gaps and limitations, there is a compelling need for more comprehensive research to better understand the complex interplay of factors that shape our food choices. This will not only enhance our understanding of eating behaviors but also inform public health interventions aimed at improving dietary habits and, consequently, overall health and diseases. Therefore, we are proposing to conduct a genome-wide association study including all PLCO participants with available genetic and dietary intake. We are requesting genetic and dietary questionnaires (DQX), diet history questionnaires (DHQ), supplemental questionnaires (SQX), demographic, BMI, and lifestyle data for potential confounder adjustment.