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The Mayo Lung Project was a two arm randomized screening study designed to test if lung cancer mortality rates could be reduced through the use of periodic screenings. The intervention arm was offered a chest x-ray and sputum cytology every four months for six years while the usual care arm was advised at trial entry to receive the same tests annually. Extended follow-up was conducted through 1996. The study concluded that there was not a lung cancer mortality reduction for the intervention arm.

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