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Evaluating key determinants for the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer using population-based screening trial data from the PLCO

Principal Investigator
Name
lelan gong
Degrees
M.D.
Institution
The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University
Position Title
student
Email
About this CDAS Project
Study
PLCO (Learn more about this study)
Project ID
PLCO-1649
Initial CDAS Request Approval
Aug 19, 2024
Title
Evaluating key determinants for the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer using population-based screening trial data from the PLCO
Summary
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world (1). According to the statistics of the National Cancer Center of China in 2022, the number of new cases of colorectal cancer in China in 2016 was 408,000 and the number of deaths was 96,000 (2). Its etiology and pathogenesis are very complex, involving epigenetic mutations, inflammation and immune function, metabolic and hormone disorders, and oxidative stress (3). Known CRC risk factors are related to the intake of dietary ingredients such as high sugar, high-fat diet, and alcohol, but these factors do not fully explain the increase in CRC incidence. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the risk factors that can be intervened (2,3,4). Previous prospective cohort studies have shown that the specific mechanism of the impact of different dietary conditions on the onset of colorectal cancer is not completely clear, and fibrous diets such as fruits and vegetables may be promising in CRC prevention (4, 5), which indicates that dietary conditions may play a direct role in CRC etiology and (or) indirect effect. However, the limited evidence from a single study is not completely consistent (6-8). Therefore, we plan to systematically evaluate dietary conditions and behavioral factors related to CRC morbidity and survival.
References:
1. LOUIS P. HOLD G L, FLINT H J. The gut microbiota, bacterial metabolites and colorectal cancer [J]. Nat Rev Microbio2014,12(10): 661-672.
2. SUNG H, FERLAY J, SIEGEL RL, et.al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. 2021;71(3):209-49.
3. DE ALMEIDA C V, DE CAMARGO M R, RUSSO E, et al. Role of diet and gut microbiota on colorectal cancer immuno- modulation [J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2019,25(2): 151-162.
4. SONG M, CHAN A T. Environmental factors, gut microbiota, and colorectal cancer prevention [J]. Clin Gastroenterol Hepa- tol,2019, 17(2):275-289.
5. HOFSETH L J, HEBERT JR, CHANDAA, et al. Early-onset colorectal cancer: initial clues and current views [J]. Nat Rev Gastro Hepat,2020,17(6): 1-13.
6. BAXTER N T, ZACKULAR J P, CHEN GY, et al. Structure of the gut microbiome following colonization with human feces determines colonic tumor burden[J]. Microbiome,2014,2(1):20.
7. DE FILIPPO C, CAVALIERI D, DI PAOLA M, et al. Impact of diet in shaping gut microbiota revealed by a comparative study in children from Europe and rural Africa [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci US A, 2010,107(33):14691-14696.
8. KIM K A, GU W, LEE I A, et al. High fat diet-induced gut mi-crobiota exacerbates inflammation and obesity in mice via the TLR4 signaling pathway [J]. PLoS One, 2012, 7(10): e47713.
Aims

We plan to systematically evaluate the risk factors (diet and behavioral factors), including dietary ingredients, nutrient supplements, vitamin use, physical activity and so on for colorectal cancer incidence and mortality, including individuals with drinking and (or) smoking. In addition, we intend to assess whether the risk factors of diabetic patients increase the mortality rate of colorectal cancer. At the same time, there are also the effects of hypertension classification, endogenous estrogen exposure, and other related risk factors on the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer.
Due to the need for the relative diet and behavioral information to investigate the association diet and behavioral factors and colorectal cancer incidence and mortality, we may require some additional data, including Baseline Questionnaire (BQ), Dietary History Questionnaire (DHQ), Dietary Questionnaire (DQX), Supplemental Questionnaire (SQX).

Collaborators

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