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The Association between Carbohydrate Quality Index and Low Carbohydrate Diet with Overall Mortality and Cancer Incidence: Evidence from prospective study

Principal Investigator
Name
Linglong Peng
Degrees
M.D.
Institution
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
Position Title
PI
Email
About this CDAS Project
Study
PLCO (Learn more about this study)
Project ID
PLCO-1473
Initial CDAS Request Approval
Feb 6, 2024
Title
The Association between Carbohydrate Quality Index and Low Carbohydrate Diet with Overall Mortality and Cancer Incidence: Evidence from prospective study
Summary
In recent years, low-carbohydrate diets (LCD) have garnered attention for their potential benefits in weight management and disease prevention[1,2]. However, most research has focused on the quantity of carbohydrate intake, overlooking the quality of carbohydrates consumed. This gap is particularly pronounced in studies concerning overall cancer incidence and all-cause mortality. Existing research remains contentious regarding whether diets focusing merely on the quantity of carbohydrate intake can significantly reduce all-cause mortality or overall cancer incidence[3].
To bridge this gap, the Carbohydrate Quality Index (CQI) was recently introduced[4]. The CQI emphasizes not just the amount, but importantly, the quality of carbohydrate consumed. Specifically, the CQI is determined by summing the quintiles for the following four criteria: dietary fiber intake (grams per day, positively weighted), Glycemic Index (GI, negatively weighted), ratio of whole grains to total grains (positively weighted), and the ratio of solid carbohydrates to total carbohydrates (solid plus liquid carbohydrates, positively weighted). Despite the clear definition and potential public health implications of the CQI, there is a lack of comprehensive prospective studies assessing the health benefits conferred by this index.
Aims

This study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis within the large-scale, prospective cohort of the PLCO (Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian) to investigate the association between CQI and LCD with overall cancer incidence and all-cause mortality. Through this research, we anticipate to:
1. Determine whether a significant correlation exists between CQI and overall cancer incidence and all-cause mortality.
2. Understand the relationship between LCD and overall cancer incidence and all-cause mortality.
3. Identify any differences between CQI and LCD in predicting overall cancer incidence and all-cause mortality.

Collaborators

Yi Xiao, Haitao Gu, Yaxu Wang, Yahui Jiang, Qi Wei, Zhiyong Zhu, Yunhao Tang, Linglong Peng, et al. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Ling Xiang. Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.