Summary

The Lung Screening Study (LSS) was a pilot study designed to assess the feasibility of conducting a large scale randomized controlled trial (RCT) of low radiation dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) versus chest X-ray (CXR) for lung cancer screening. During the fall of 2000, six PLCO screening centers recruited a total of 3,318 heavy or long-term smokers who were not participants in the PLCO trial and randomized them to receive either a screening LDCT scan (1,660 participants) or screening posteroanterior view chest radiograph (CXR) [1,658 participants].

The results of the LSS demonstrated convincingly the feasibility of an RCT of LDCT scanning in the United States.

Study Years: 2000-2002

Randomized trial with two arms:

• Arms
  • Arm I: Screening LDCT scan
  • Arm II: Screening posteroanterior view chest radiograph (CXR)

• Ages Eligible for Study: 55-74
• Sexes Eligible for Study: Male and Female
• Not enrolled in PLCO trial
• Current/Former Heavy smokers

Enrollment

Enrollment: 3,318

• 1,660 in LDCT Arm
• 1,658 in CXR Arm

Total Study Population Demographics (3,318 Randomized and Eligible People):

• Age (years):
  • Mean: 62
  • Range: 55-74

The Schema is a timeline of the study. It indicates start/end points, visits expected, major testing to be done, and any other information that is crucial to understanding how the study was completed.

Main Findings

• Baseline findings of a randomized feasibility trial of lung cancer screening with spiral CT scan vs chest radiograph: the Lung Screening Study of the National Cancer Institute.
  Gohagan J, Marcus P, Fagerstrom R, Pinsky P, Kramer B, Prorok P, Writing Committee, Lung Screening Study Research Group
  Chest. 2004 Jul; Volume 126 (Issue 1): Pages 114-21 PUBMED
• Diagnostic procedures after a positive spiral computed tomography lung carcinoma screen.
  Pinsky PF, Marcus PM, Kramer BS, Freedman M, Nath H, Kvale P, Reding D
  Cancer. 2005 Jan; Volume 103 (Issue 1): Pages 157-63 PUBMED
• Final results of the Lung Screening Study, a randomized feasibility study of spiral CT versus chest X-ray screening for lung cancer.
  Gohagan JK, Marcus PM, Fagerstrom RM, Pinsky PF, Kramer BS, Prorok PC, Ascher S, Bailey W, Brewer B, Church T, Engelhard D, Ford M, Fouad M, Freedman M, Gelmann E, Gierada D, Hocking W, Inampudi S, Irons B, Johnson CC, ...show more Jones A, Kucera G, Kvale P, Lappe K, Manor W, Moore A, Nath H, Neff S, Oken M, Plunkett M, Price H, Reding D, Riley T, Schwartz M, Spizarny D, Yoffie R, Zylak C, LUNG SCREENING STUDY RESEARCH GROUP
  Lung Cancer. 2005 Jan; Volume 47 (Issue 1): Pages 9-15 PUBMED