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Adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research cancer prevention recommendations and pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality: A prospective cohort study.

About this Publication
Title
Adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research cancer prevention recommendations and pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality: A prospective cohort study.
Pubmed ID
32716590 (View this publication on the PubMed website)
Digital Object Identifier
Publication
Cancer Med. 2020 Sep; Volume 9 (Issue 18): Pages 6843-6853
Authors
Zhang ZQ, Li QJ, Hao FB, Wu YQ, Liu S, Zhong GC
Affiliations
  • Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
  • Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
  • Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
  • Department of Pediatrics, The People's Hospital of Dazu District, Chongqing, China.
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Whether adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) cancer prevention recommendations is associated with a reduced risk of pancreatic cancer remains controversial. Additionally, no study has investigated this association in the US population. Hence, we investigated the association of adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations with pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality in a US population.

METHODS: A population-based cohort of 95 962 participants was identified. A score incorporating eight WCRF/AICR components was constructed to reflect adherence to the WCRF/AICR guidelines, with higher scores representing greater adherence to the guidelines. Cox and competing risk regression were used to calculate risk estimates for pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality, respectively. Restricted cubic spline functions were used to test nonlinearity.

RESULTS: In the fully adjusted model, higher overall WCRF/AICR scores were shown to be associated with lower risks of developing pancreatic cancer (hazard ratiotertile 3 vs 1 :0.67; 95% confidence interval: 0.49, 0.90; Ptrend  = .0099) and mortality due to this cancer (subdistribution hazard ratiotertile 3 vs 1 0.65; 95% confidence interval: 0.47, 0.89; Ptrend  = .0108) in a linear dose-response manner (all Pnonlinearity  > .05). The component "be physically active" was shown to be a key contributor to the observed associations. No association of the diet-specific WCRF/AICR score with pancreatic incidence and mortality was found.

CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to the 2018 WCRF/AICR guidelines, especially "be physically active," confers reduced risks of pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality in the US population; however, adherence to dietary components alone does not confer such beneficial effects.

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