Adherence to a Low-Fat Dietary Pattern Reduces Head and Neck Cancer Risk: Evidence from the PLCO Trial
Principal Investigator
Name
Ling Xiang
Degrees
M.D.
Institution
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Position Title
Dr.
Email
About this CDAS Project
Study
PLCO
(Learn more about this study)
Project ID
PLCO-1335
Initial CDAS Request Approval
Sep 18, 2023
Title
Adherence to a Low-Fat Dietary Pattern Reduces Head and Neck Cancer Risk: Evidence from the PLCO Trial
Summary
Head and neck cancer refers to a group of cancers arising from the upper aerodigestive tract, including the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx1. In 2018, there were an estimated 850,000 incident cases and 450,000 deaths from head and neck cancer worldwide2. The major risk factors for head and neck cancer include tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and low intake of fruits and vegetables3.
Dietary factors play an important role in head and neck carcinogenesis. High intakes of fruits and vegetables may protect against head and neck cancer by providing antioxidants and fiber5. On the other hand, diets high in saturated fat and cholesterol were associated with elevated risk of head and neck cancer in case-control studies6. Data from prospective cohort studies supported inverse associations between adherence to low-fat diets and risk of several cancers, including lung, and pancreatic cancer 7,8.
We conducted this analysis to explore the relationship between low-fat diet adherence and head and neck cancer incidence in 98,459 subjects aged 55 to 74 years from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) cohort.
References:
1 Chow LQM. Head and Neck Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382: 60-72.
2 Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021; 71: 209-249.
3 Hashibe M, Brennan P, Chuang SC, et al. Interaction between tobacco and alcohol use and the risk of head and neck cancer: pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009; 18: 541-550.
4 Simard EP, Torre LA, Jemal A. International trends in head and neck cancer incidence rates: differences by country, sex and anatomic site. Oral Oncol. 2014; 50: 387-403.
5 Pavia M, Pileggi C, Nobile CG, Angelillo IF. Association between fruit and vegetable consumption and oral cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006; 83: 1126-1134.
6 Garavello W, Giordano L, Bosetti C, et al. Diet diversity and the risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Eur J Nutr. 2008; 47: 280-284.
7 Jiao L, Chen L, White DL, et al. Low-fat Dietary Pattern and Pancreatic Cancer Risk in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Randomized Controlled Trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2018; 110: 49-56.
8 Zhu Z, Peng L, Zhou H, et al. Low-fat dairy consumption and the risk of lung cancer: A large prospective cohort study. Cancer Med. 2023; 12: 16558-16569.
Dietary factors play an important role in head and neck carcinogenesis. High intakes of fruits and vegetables may protect against head and neck cancer by providing antioxidants and fiber5. On the other hand, diets high in saturated fat and cholesterol were associated with elevated risk of head and neck cancer in case-control studies6. Data from prospective cohort studies supported inverse associations between adherence to low-fat diets and risk of several cancers, including lung, and pancreatic cancer 7,8.
We conducted this analysis to explore the relationship between low-fat diet adherence and head and neck cancer incidence in 98,459 subjects aged 55 to 74 years from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) cohort.
References:
1 Chow LQM. Head and Neck Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2020; 382: 60-72.
2 Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021; 71: 209-249.
3 Hashibe M, Brennan P, Chuang SC, et al. Interaction between tobacco and alcohol use and the risk of head and neck cancer: pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009; 18: 541-550.
4 Simard EP, Torre LA, Jemal A. International trends in head and neck cancer incidence rates: differences by country, sex and anatomic site. Oral Oncol. 2014; 50: 387-403.
5 Pavia M, Pileggi C, Nobile CG, Angelillo IF. Association between fruit and vegetable consumption and oral cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006; 83: 1126-1134.
6 Garavello W, Giordano L, Bosetti C, et al. Diet diversity and the risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer. Eur J Nutr. 2008; 47: 280-284.
7 Jiao L, Chen L, White DL, et al. Low-fat Dietary Pattern and Pancreatic Cancer Risk in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Randomized Controlled Trial. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2018; 110: 49-56.
8 Zhu Z, Peng L, Zhou H, et al. Low-fat dairy consumption and the risk of lung cancer: A large prospective cohort study. Cancer Med. 2023; 12: 16558-16569.
Aims
Our objective is to examine whether following the low-fat diet are related with a reduced incidence of head and neck cancer in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial.
Collaborators
Rong Wang, and Yijing Ye; Department of Radiation Oncology, People’s Hospital of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China.
Qijiu Chen; Department of Chemotherapy Oncology, People’s Hospital of Zhongshan City, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China.
Linglong Peng; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Ling Xiang; Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.